Autumn is the season of high incidence of respiratory infectious diseases。Recently, the incidence of respiratory diseases such as mycoplasma pneumonia in children has increased. How to prevent and control respiratory diseases scientifically？The National Health Commission recently organized experts to respond to social concerns。
　　 What are the symptoms of mycoplasma infection or pneumonia？Xu Baoping, director of the respiratory department of Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, said that there are two main symptoms of mycoplasma pneumonia: one is fever and the other is cough。Among them, the cough is paroxysmal dry cough at the beginning, and there will be sputum in the progress。Some people will have chest pain, sore throat, headache and other symptoms, a few people even appear cyanosis, dyspnea and other phenomena, must be timely to the hospital。
　　 How to treat it？Xu Baoping introduced that the first-line treatment drugs are mainly azithromycin, erythromycin, clarithromycin and other macrolide antibiotics。Antibiotics are prescription drugs and should be used under the guidance of a doctor。
　　 According to experts, mycoplasma pneumonia is an acute pulmonary infectious disease caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae。Mycoplasma is a microbe that is neither a bacterium nor a virus, and it causes pneumonia in a completely different way than the novel coronavirus。The pathogens that cause pneumonia generally have seasonal incidence, mycoplasma pneumonia in the past two years, especially this year, in some regions of our country, there are a few families or classes of clustered incidence。
　　 Whether mycoplasma pneumonia will appear "white lung"？Xu Baoping said that some patients with mycoplasma pneumonia have a white lung image, mostly caused by a lung lobe or a lung segment infection, which is two concepts of the medical term "white lung"。In general, "white lung" refers to diffuse lesions in both lungs, mainly in severe infections, and its symptoms and severity are different from mycoplasma pneumonia。
　　 Mycoplasma pneumoniae is mainly transmitted by droplets and carries the pathogen in the secretions of coughs, sneezes and runny noses。So, how to prevent respiratory infections？Xu Baoping reminded that as little as possible to go to crowded closed places, you can wear a mask when you must go。Pay attention to wash hands frequently, strengthen exercise, improve physical fitness。In addition, school-age children suffering from mycoplasma pneumonia do not go to school with illness, pay attention to rest, improve immunity。
　　 Qi Wensheng, director of the emergency department of Guang 'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said that from the clinical situation of adults, the symptoms of respiratory tract infectious diseases patients admitted to the fever clinic in the hospital are not much different from those in previous years, and the number has increased slightly compared with the summer。From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, he pointed out that the autumn climate is dry, disease pathogens are easy to invade the lung system, induce respiratory diseases, mainly manifested as dry mouth, sore throat, cough and other symptoms, collectively referred to as autumn dryness disease in Chinese medicine。If respiratory diseases occur, dry cough, fever and other symptoms, should see a doctor in time, medication。
　　 Qi Wensheng suggested that in the diet, eat more lily, white fungus, white radish, lotus root, pear and other moistening lung anti-dryness white food, eat less spicy stimulating food;On the rest, go to bed early and get up early, don't stay up late, exercise moderately, don't sweat excessively, so as not to consume gas。Autumn and winter temperatures gradually drop, the elderly and children should pay special attention to keep warm and cold。
　　 (Dong-A Ilbo reporter Kim Jin-ya)